Pressure apparatus for the drawing mechanism of textile machinery



F. CASABLANCAS PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR THE DRAWING MECHANISM OF TEXTILE MACHINERY Jan. 30, 1934.

'3 Sheets-Sheet v1. 4

Filed June 21 1932 'lnilenl'br I K 2{E'Prnancio Qsdlanew J m kkw Jan. 30, 1934. F. CASABLANCAS 1,944,955

PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR THE DRAWING MECHANISM OF TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed June 21, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Z d lrwenfar firnamia CaJaZZcmCm:

Jan. 30, 1934. F. CASABLANCAS 1,944,965

PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR THE DRAWING MECHANISM OF TEXTILE MACHINERY Filed June 21, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 IIIIIIIIIIII/I/A A Patented Jan. 30, 1934 UNITED STATES -PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR THE DRAWING MECHANISM OF TEXTILE MACHINERY Fernando Casablancas, Sabadell, Spain Application June 21, 1932, Serial No. 618,529,

and in Spain December 31, 1931 4, Claims.

This invention constitutes .an improvement over the pressure apparatus for drawing mechanism of textile machinery described and claimed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 583,757.

This co-pending application refers to a pressure apparatus applicable to drawing mechanisms for textile rovings by controlling the loading of the cylinders of these mechanisms in which, to transmit the action of the weight to the pressure saddle or rod, there is employed a system of two levers. These levers lean upon one another at their contiguous ends, in such manner that the back lever receives the action of the weight and transmits it to the front lever and this, in its turn, transmits it to the pressure rod. The shape and arrangement of these two levers are such that when they are in working position, the effort of the weight is transmitted from the back lever to the front one, and from this to the pressure 2 rod or saddle. On the other hand, if the front end of the front lever is raised thereby drawing upwards the pressure rod, this front lever causes the back lever to turn and both remain blocked in such a position that the action of the back lever cannot cause the front lever to turn. Thus the pressure rod and with it the pressure saddle remain in an elevated position, that is to say without loading the cylinders.

The present invention refers to improvements in this type of mechanism over my co-pending application comprising essentially the application of a new and novel form of lateral plates for mounting the two levers, the insertion of a roller or a suitable rolling device between the contacting ends of the said levers, and the provision of a spring to replace the weight as previously disclosed.

With the above mentioned improvements in this invention, a rigid and simple construction is obtained and greater facility is secured in mounting the parts. The application of the spring instead of the weight provides a means for suppressing the rods which cross the ruler or table of the spinning machine, and leaves the surface of this ruler or table free. which facilitates the cleaning of the machine besides permitting the removal of the lower cleansing cylinders when taking them apart from the machine.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown the pressure mechanism, provided with the improvements which are the object of this invention.

Figure 1 is a transverse section of a drawing mechanism, to which has been applied the improved pressure mechanism.

Figure 2 is a detail of the pressure mechanism of Figure 1, with one of the lateral plates removed in order to show the interior arrangement and showing in section the cylinder containing the spring.

Figure 3 shows a modification of the pressure mechanism which allows the individualregulatlon of all the pressure mechanisms of the machine with great facility. 3

Figure 4 is a plan view of this modified mechamsm.

Figure 5 represents in elevation a variation of the pressure mechanism provided with a hand lever to facilitate the manipulation of the same when it is necessary to exercise great pressures, or in machines where the mechanism is not ve accessible, and

Figure 6 represents on a smaller scale the application of this invention to a machine for double drawing.

Figure 1 shows the invention applied as an example to a high draft mechanism with endless belts and Figure 3 to a drawing mechanism with cylinders. In both cases it is supposed that the pressure saddle, as shown comprising the parts 8 and 9, is double and loads all the cylinders at the same time, but as is easily understood the invention is applicable in a general way to diflerent types of drawing mechanism whether a pressure saddle of any type is employed or if it is the pressure rod which leads the cylinders directly. In all cases the pressure rod 12 which transmits the load to the pressure saddle or to the cylinders is connected to the mechanism of this invention by a spring pressed catch or part 23, pivotally mounted on the forward lever 44 to be described later, as disclosed in my co-pending application. The improved mechanism comprises a plurality of units each of which is formed by two lateral plates 40 duly separated from one another so as to place between them the two levers 44 and 45. These levers are mounted upon pins or bolts 42 and 43 which provide pivots for these levers. Altogether these parts form a unit or a little apparatus which is easily mounted in the machine by means of a proper hole in the plates 40 to receive a bar 41 of hexagonal section or other non-circular section which extends throughout the length of the machine.

Bolts or pins 42 and 43 can have any proper constructive arrangement. They may therefore be constructed with their central part formed into a cylindrical body of a greater diameter to serve as a pivotal mounting for the levers and at the same time serve to properly separate the plates 40. Th outer ends of the bolts or pins 42 and 43 would be of a smaller diameter to project through plates 40 and permit these ends to be riveted exteriorly to the plates.

In order to contribute and to establish the proper separation between the two lateral plates 40 there is preferably interposed, as shown in Figure 2, a central or intermediate plate piece 46 which is slightly thicker than the levers 44 and 45. This central plate 46 practically occupies all the space remaining between the two lateral plates 40 and not occupied by these levers 44 and 45 in their different positions. The two lateral plates may be joined or fixed to this central plate piece at the proper points by rivets, soldering, etc.

Thispentral or intermediate plate serves to establish between plates 40 the proper and necessary separation of the same to permit good working of the levers, at the same time prevents the entry of dust or fluff, and furthermore serves especially, when the apparatus has not as yet been mounted upon bar 41, to prevent the roller 47, later on to be described, to become separated from the levers and fall.

The two levers 44 and 45 located between the two lateral plates 40 has a shape somewhat different from that described in my co-pending application, and they present the new and novel feature that permits housing, between the front end of lever 45 and the back end of lever 44, the small roller 47. The said ends of the levers have an outline or contour that permits movement of these levers while the roller 47 rolls simultaneously on the outline of the ends of both levers. In this way friction is eliminated between the two adjacent ends of both levers and likewise the wear upon these ends, which would destroy the precision of the mechanism.

The outlines of the adjacent ends of levers 44 and 45 present substantially the arcuate portions 48' and 49'. The arcuate portion 48 terminates with the notched ends 48 and likewise the portion 49' terminates/with the notched ends 49 to provide a runway for the roller 47. When the roller 47 engages the end or notched positions, the angle of movement of the levers is limited and likewise means are provided to prevent roller 47, which is quite free, from falling. ,Other arrangements may be adopted with this bbject, for example; roller 47 may offer small gudgeons which move in grooves of a proper form in plates 40, but the construction shown, apart from its simplicity and better preventing the entrance of dust, has the advantage that by only exerting pressure on points 52 and 53 to make lever 45 oscillate, roller 47 may be removed for cleaning or in order to substitute it for another, if necessary.

In order to prevent this apparatus from slipping sideways on bar 41 and thus not occupy its correct position with respect to rod 12, an orifice may be made which crosses the lateral plates 40 and the central one 46 in which a key 50 is forced, thus locking by pressure the position of everything on bar 41.

When effecting the mounting of a number of these apparatus on a machine, it is advisable to make sure that all of them be mounted in correct position, and therefore that they engage the cylinders of the drawing mechanism to produce the desired pressure. In order to attain this result, lever 45 may be formed to present a point 59 and corresponding to this point, the

) lateral plates 40 are cutaway to provide a groove 60 in such a way that in normal position or correct working order of the apparatus, the point 59 is seen across the groove 60.

The back lever 45 can have its rear end straight and hang from it a weight as described in the co-pending application, but in most cases an apparatus practicable and easier of application to spinning machines is obtained by utilizing the arrangement shown in the drawings in which lever 45 instead of being acted upon by a weight is acted upon by a spring.

As is especially seen in Figure 2, the end of lever 45 forms a point 52 and corresponding to it the frame forms another point 53. Between the two points 52 and 53 is inserted a box formed by two cylindrical cups 54 and 55 which telescope into one another and in whose interior is placed spring 51. Figures 3 and4 present an arrangement permitting to vary slightly the angular position of this apparatus in relation to the hexagonal bar 41 so as to be able to fit or adjust independently each one of the pressure apparatus of the machine, and thus adapt them to the little differences of sizes which may show in using the rods 12 of the various drawing mechanisms.

To this effect, plates 40 and the intermediate plate 46, instead of presenting a hexagonal hole adapting itself exactly to bar 41, presents a hole so formed as to permit the apparatus to turn around this bar 41, and exteriorly to these plates 40 is applied on each side of the apparatus a link 56 with a hexagonal orifice adjacent one end fitting exactly on bar 41. Each of these links is provided near its other end with the arcuate slot 57 through which passes a pin or bolt 58 to replace the shaft or pin 42 for supporting the front lever 44. After mounting all the apparatus of the machine and connecting the rod 12, the whole of the apparatus may be made to turn in relation to the links 56 until point 59 appears in groove 60 of plates 40. Then upon tightening the nuts or screws of bolt 58, the position of the entire apparatus with respect to bar 41 remains invariably fixed.

In Figure 5 is shown a modification of this apparatus which is especially designed for those cases in which it is necessary to exercise on the cylinders a very energetic pressure or in which the arrangement of the machine is such that the drawing mechanism is placed where it is hard to gain access. In these cases it may be difficult to raise the pressure rod or the hook 11 of the pressure saddle to discharge the cylinders. With the arrangement of Figure 5 this operation is facilitated. According to this modification, the lateral plates 40 of the mechanism are lengthened upwards and carry the shaft 61 of a hand lever 62, and in its turn the front lever 44 likewise presents an upper extension in which it carries a pin or roller 63 which fits into a groove 64 at the front end of lever 62. The movement of hand lever 62 towards arrow 65 forces the front end 64 of the lever 44 to turn, raising it at its front end; i. e. effecting exactly the same motion as if the pressure rod were drawn by hand. It is clear that lever 62 may assume any desirable form so as to be easily manipulated.

The improved pressure mechanism of this invention may be applied with great advantages to double drawing mechanisms with an intermediate false twist, in which the roving undergoes two successive drawings with a false twist between them. In these machines with the usual pressure means it is very diflicult to give the desired pressure to both drawing mechanisms, and the profusion of levers, rods and weights greatly complicates the construction of the machine and makes difficult the discharge of the when necessary. On the other hand, .by employing the mechanism of this invention, the construction is greatly simplified, as is seen in Figure 6. In this view, the two pressure apparatus are shown linked'on two corresponding longitudinal bars 41, andcoupled by means of the two rods 12 tothe two successive drawing mechanisms 66 and 67. The numeral 68 represents anorgan of false twist which twists the roving after being drawn by mechanism 6'? so as to allow of its drawing by mechanism 66.

In these machines it often happens that it is 15 diificult to reach the back drawing mechanism 67 in order to discharge the cylinders through raising hook 11 of the pressure saddle and in these casesit is convenient to utilize for the back drawing mechanism 67 a hand lever, as shown by the arrangement, in Figure 5.

The improved pressure mechanism of this invention may be applied to all sorts of spinning machines and although in the drawings it is shown arranged higher than ruler 13, if considcylinders ered necessary it can also be situated below this ruler-13 by causing the pressure rod of a suitable form to pass through a hole in'ruler 13. Besides the advantages stated, this mechanism offers others of practical order due-to the facility with which the cylinders of the drawing mechanisms can be unloaded. In all spinning mills it happens with the usual arrangements that when machines stop during the night and on holidays; it is not possible to unload the cylinders of the drawing 335 machines on account of the considerable amount of work that this necessitates. The weight or effort which continues acting on the cylinders during many hours crushes the upper cylinders which are lined with cloth and leather or other soft and 40 elastic material. Therefore when again setting the machine in motion, defects and inequalities are produced in the thread for a long space of time until, by use, the surface of the upper cylinders has-again become equalized. On the other 5 hand,.by employing the pressure mechanism of this invention, the effort and the time necessary for unloadingihe cylinders is a minimum, and therefore it is possible without any difficulty when stopping the machine to raise the pressure saddle of all drawing mechanism leaving the cylinders unloaded, and on again starting the machine again load the cylinders.

I claim: 1

1. In a pressure apparatus for the drawing mechanism of textile machinery comprising a frame, means for supporting the frame, a pair of levers pivotally mountedin the frame one behind the other, each of the levers having an end portion cut away to form a substantially arcuate' 50 outline terminating with projecting lips, the said,

end portions of the levers spaced apart to provide a limited runway between the arcuate end portions, a roller for movement in therunway to simultaneously engage the arcuate end portions of the levers, means associated with the'rear lever to operate the front lever in one direction through contact with the roller, and means for operating the front lever in the reverse direction whereby movement is transmitted through the roller and rear leverto place the levers in the locked or inoperative position.

2. In a pressure apparatus for the drawing mechanism of textile machinery comprising a. pair of lateral plates, an intermediate plate secured to the lateral plates to provide a frame, means for supporting the frame in a fixed position, the said intermediate plate having its lower and end portions cut away with relation to the lateral plates to form a groove, a pair of levers pivotally mounted in the lateral plates and arranged one behind the other to enter the groove, a roller disposed between the adjacent ends of the levers to travel in the groove means for holding the rear lever in engagement with the front lever, and means for rotating the front lever whereby the rotation of the roller contacting with the rear lever places the levers in locked or inoperative position.

3. In a pressure apparatus for the drawing mechanism of textile machinery provided with drawing cylinders comprising a cross bar sup ported to extend in parallel alignment with the drawing cylinders, a fixed frame carried by the cross bar provided along its upper end with a rearwardly projecting finger, a pair of levers pivotally mounted in the fixed frame one behind the other, a roller interposed to travel between said levers andprevent friction between the same upon movement of the levers, the rearward leverhaving an outwardly projecting r in spaced relation with the frame finger, a spring pressed member supported between said projecting fingers whereby the rear lever is rotated to operate the forward lever in one direction and ,1" means associated with the front .lever ,whereby movement of the same rotates the levers in a reverse direction.

4. In a pressureapparatus for the drawing mechanism of textile machinery provided with 1% drawing cylinders comprising a cross bar supported to extend in parallel alignment with the drawing cylinders, a frame carried by the cross bar, a pair of levers pivotally mounted in the frame one behind the otherto provide a runway 12 between the levers, a roller for movement in the runway, links having one end fixed on the cross bar to engage opposite sides of the frame, the

said links adapted to have arcuate slots cut ad'- Jacent-their other ends, a pivot bolt for holding I the-frame to support the forward lever and to register with the arcuate slots in the linkswhereby to control the adjusting and, locking of the frame inthe desired position, means for rotating the rear lever to hold the same in engagement with the frontlever, and means for rotating the front leverwhereby movement of the same rotates the levers in a reverse direction.

I OASABLANCAS. 

